The Foundation of the Swaraj
The Foundation of the swaraj
In the first half of the seventeenth century ,an epoch making personality emerged in Maharashtra- Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. He established Swaraj by challenging the unjust ruling powers here.Shivaji Maharaj was born at the Shivneru fort near Junnat in Pune district on the day of Phalgun Vadya Tritiya in the Shaka year 1551,that is on 19 February 1630. In this chapter, we will study how he founded Swaraj.
Shahajiraje:
Shahajiraje, the father of Shivaji Maharaj was a pre-eminent Sardar in the Deccan. The Adilshah of Bijapur allied with the Mughals in this campaign. Shahaji Maharaj did not wish the Mughals to get an entry into the South. So he tried to save Nizamshahi by offering stiff resistance to the Mughals. But he could not withstand the combined might of the Mughals and the Adilshah. The Nizamshahi was defeated and come to an end in 1636 CE.
After the Nizamshahi was wiped out, Shahajiraje became a Sardar of the Adilshah of Bijapur. The regiin comprising Pune,Supe,Indapur and Chakan paraganas located between the Bheema and Neera rivers was vested in Shahajiraje as a jagir. This was continued by the Adilshah,and he also granted the jagir of Benagaluru and the neighbouring areas in karnataka to Shahajiraje.
Shahajiraje:
Shahajiraje, the father of Shivaji Maharaj was a pre-eminent Sardar in the Deccan. The Adilshah of Bijapur allied with the Mughals in this campaign. Shahaji Maharaj did not wish the Mughals to get an entry into the South. So he tried to save Nizamshahi by offering stiff resistance to the Mughals. But he could not withstand the combined might of the Mughals and the Adilshah. The Nizamshahi was defeated and come to an end in 1636 CE.
After the Nizamshahi was wiped out, Shahajiraje became a Sardar of the Adilshah of Bijapur. The regiin comprising Pune,Supe,Indapur and Chakan paraganas located between the Bheema and Neera rivers was vested in Shahajiraje as a jagir. This was continued by the Adilshah,and he also granted the jagir of Benagaluru and the neighbouring areas in karnataka to Shahajiraje.
Shahajiraje was valiant, courageous, intelligent and a great political expert. He was an excellent archer. He was also an expert in using the sword, patta and spear. He loved his subjects .He had won many regions in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. South India was in awe of him. While Shivaji and Jijabai were at Bengaluru, he had arranged for providing excellent education to Shivaji so as to enable him to become a king. He himself aspired to establish Swaraj by ousting the powers of foreign people. That is why, he is known as Swaraj visionary. He sent Shivaji and Jijabai from Bengaluru to Pune with loyal and competent associates.
Veermata Jijabai:
Jijabai was the daughter of the great Saradar Lakhujiraje Jadhav of Sindhkhedraja in Buldhana district. At a young age, she had received military training as well as education in various subject. She helped and encouraged Shahaji Maharaj to realise his dream of establishing Swaraj. She was a competent and visionary political expert. She constantly guided Shivaji in the mission of establishing Swaraj. At time, she undertook the task of giving verdicts for resolving the problems or people. She was very particular about giving excellent education to Shivaji . She instilled in him values like modesty, truthfulness, oratory, vigilance,courage and fearlessness. She saw that he was trained in the usage of weapons and inspired in him, the usage of weapons and inspired in him, the will to win and the dream of Swaraj.
Jijabai was the daughter of the great Saradar Lakhujiraje Jadhav of Sindhkhedraja in Buldhana district. At a young age, she had received military training as well as education in various subject. She helped and encouraged Shahaji Maharaj to realise his dream of establishing Swaraj. She was a competent and visionary political expert. She constantly guided Shivaji in the mission of establishing Swaraj. At time, she undertook the task of giving verdicts for resolving the problems or people. She was very particular about giving excellent education to Shivaji . She instilled in him values like modesty, truthfulness, oratory, vigilance,courage and fearlessness. She saw that he was trained in the usage of weapons and inspired in him, the usage of weapons and inspired in him, the will to win and the dream of Swaraj.
Shivaji's Companions and Associate:
Shivaji Maharaj started the work of founding the Swaraj in the Maval region. The Maval terrain is full of hills and valleys and is not easily accessible. Shivajiraje made use of these geographical features of Maval very skilfully for the purpose of the foundation of the swaraj. He created a feeling of trust and affection in the minds of the people. Many companions and associates joined him in his work of foundation the Swaraj. He created a feeling of trust anf affection in the minds ofcthe people. Many companions and associates joined him in his work of founding the Swaraj. Among them were Yesaji Kank, Baji Pasalkar, Bapuji Mudgal, Narhekar Deshpande brothers, Kavji Kondhalkar, Jiva Mahala, Tanaji Malusare,Kanhoji Jedhe, Bajiprabhu Deshpande and Dadaji Narasprabhu Deshpande. On the strength of these associates, Shivaji Maharaj undertook the case of Swaraj.
Shivaji Maharaj started the work of founding the Swaraj in the Maval region. The Maval terrain is full of hills and valleys and is not easily accessible. Shivajiraje made use of these geographical features of Maval very skilfully for the purpose of the foundation of the swaraj. He created a feeling of trust and affection in the minds of the people. Many companions and associates joined him in his work of foundation the Swaraj. He created a feeling of trust anf affection in the minds ofcthe people. Many companions and associates joined him in his work of founding the Swaraj. Among them were Yesaji Kank, Baji Pasalkar, Bapuji Mudgal, Narhekar Deshpande brothers, Kavji Kondhalkar, Jiva Mahala, Tanaji Malusare,Kanhoji Jedhe, Bajiprabhu Deshpande and Dadaji Narasprabhu Deshpande. On the strength of these associates, Shivaji Maharaj undertook the case of Swaraj.
ROYAL SEAL
(Rajmudra):
The objective of Shivaji Maharaj of establishing Swaraj is clearly expressed in his royal seal. The following Sanskrit lines are inscribed on this royal seal (Rajamudra).
(Rajmudra):
The objective of Shivaji Maharaj of establishing Swaraj is clearly expressed in his royal seal. The following Sanskrit lines are inscribed on this royal seal (Rajamudra).
Meaning of Royal seal:
This seal will grow in splendour like the new moon. This seal of Shivaji, the son of Shahaji, receiving homage from the whole world denotes the seal is improtant from many angles. Through this inscription, Maharaj has expressed his gratitude towards his father, his confidence that Swaraj would expand continously, his own experience of the respect that the Seal, that is, Swaraj commanded from all, his commitment to the welfare of his subject , and the certainty of ruling over his land independently. This short incription cover the entire concept of Swaraj.
This seal will grow in splendour like the new moon. This seal of Shivaji, the son of Shahaji, receiving homage from the whole world denotes the seal is improtant from many angles. Through this inscription, Maharaj has expressed his gratitude towards his father, his confidence that Swaraj would expand continously, his own experience of the respect that the Seal, that is, Swaraj commanded from all, his commitment to the welfare of his subject , and the certainty of ruling over his land independently. This short incription cover the entire concept of Swaraj.
Towards the establishment of Swaraj:
The forts situated within the jagir of Shivaji Maharai were not under his control, but were under the control of Adilshah. In those days, forts were of special significance. With a firm hold over a fort, it was possible to control the surrounding area. If one had forts, one ruled the land. Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj decided to acquire the forts that were within his own jagir. Such an attempt to captured the forts of Torana, Murumbdev, Kondhana and purandar, and laid the foundation of Swaraj. He repaired the fort Murumbdev and renamed it Rajgad. Rajgad was the first capital of the Swaraj.
There were the Mores of Javali, the Ghorpades of Mudhol, the Sawants of Sawantwadi, and other Sardars in the Adilshahi. Thet were opposed to the cause of the founding of Swaraj. It was necessary to bring them and other likeminded Saradars under control for the purpose of founding the swaraj.
The forts situated within the jagir of Shivaji Maharai were not under his control, but were under the control of Adilshah. In those days, forts were of special significance. With a firm hold over a fort, it was possible to control the surrounding area. If one had forts, one ruled the land. Therefore, Shivaji Maharaj decided to acquire the forts that were within his own jagir. Such an attempt to captured the forts of Torana, Murumbdev, Kondhana and purandar, and laid the foundation of Swaraj. He repaired the fort Murumbdev and renamed it Rajgad. Rajgad was the first capital of the Swaraj.
There were the Mores of Javali, the Ghorpades of Mudhol, the Sawants of Sawantwadi, and other Sardars in the Adilshahi. Thet were opposed to the cause of the founding of Swaraj. It was necessary to bring them and other likeminded Saradars under control for the purpose of founding the swaraj.
The capture of Javali:
Chandrarao more of Javali in Satara district was a powerful Sardar in the Adilshahi. He opposed the founding of Swaraj. Shivaji Maharaj attacked Javali and captured that region in 1656CE. He established his post there. Then he also captured Raigad. He attained a huge amount of wealth from Javali. After this victory, his activities in Konkan increased. He built the Pratapgad fort in the Javali valley. In this way, the conquest of Javali increased his strength in all respects. After this, Shivaji Maharaj captured Kalyan and Bhiwandi on the Konkan Coast. There he came into contact with the siddi, Portuguese and British powers on the Western Coast. Shivaji Maharaj realised that in order to fight these powers, it was necessary to have a strong naval force. Therefore, he concentrated on building a navy.
Chandrarao more of Javali in Satara district was a powerful Sardar in the Adilshahi. He opposed the founding of Swaraj. Shivaji Maharaj attacked Javali and captured that region in 1656CE. He established his post there. Then he also captured Raigad. He attained a huge amount of wealth from Javali. After this victory, his activities in Konkan increased. He built the Pratapgad fort in the Javali valley. In this way, the conquest of Javali increased his strength in all respects. After this, Shivaji Maharaj captured Kalyan and Bhiwandi on the Konkan Coast. There he came into contact with the siddi, Portuguese and British powers on the Western Coast. Shivaji Maharaj realised that in order to fight these powers, it was necessary to have a strong naval force. Therefore, he concentrated on building a navy.
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